Totally True Tuesday ~ Crayons

Crayons are fun to use. They can take an ordinary picture and make it beautiful. Plus, they come in a wide array of colors. But do you know where crayons began? Let's check out their colourful history.

Waxy Sticks

Around 1885 two cousins by the names of, Edwin Binney, and C. Harold Smith, formed a company. In the year 1900 the men started to make slate pencils for schools. Along the way the came up with a wax stick used to mark crates and barrels, but it was loaded with black carbon and unhealthy for children.

However, this got the cousins thinking and by 1903 they had created the first crayons. There were 8 colors; black, brown, blue, red, purple, orange, yellow, and green and were sold for a nickle. The name "Crayola" was created by Edwin's wife, Alice, who used the French words for chalk (craie) and oily (oleaginous) and combined them to get the word.

Color Me Crayons

As the company grew so did the number of crayon colors.

• 1949 ~ crayons had 40 different colors
• 1958 ~ 16 more colors were added. Plus, the box had a sharpener
• 1972 ~ 8 fluorescent colors are added
• 1990 ~ 16 more colors are added and 8 are retired
• 1993 ~ another 16 colours added
• 1998 ~ another whopping 24 colors added
• 2000 ~ “specialty sets” include glitter crayons, pearl brite crayons, and techno-brite crayons.

Today, the biggest box of crayons contains all 120 colors in a wide variety hues.

What's the most popular color of crayon? If you guessed blue, you're right. Out of the top 10 favorites, 8 different shades of blue were liked the best.

What's your favorite crayon color? Let us know by leaving your answer in the comment section.

Happy Crayola Coloring!

Wild World Wednesday ~ the Giraffe

We live in a wild world. Today we’re visiting the African Savanna to take a peek at the world’s tallest mammal, the giraffe. These animals are fascinating and fun, so let’s take a looooong look at it.

So Long!
Perhaps the first thing we think of we when hear the word “giraffe” is how tall this animal is. They measure 14-19 feet (4-6m) in height. The legs alone are taller than most humans – about 6 feet (1.8m). Even the giraffe’s tongue is long, measuring 21 inches (53 cm) and its tail can be another 8 feet long (2.4 m).

The giraffe’s long legs enable it to run up to 35 miles (56 km) for short distances and 10 miles per hour (16 km) on average. However, their super long legs also pose a problem – they have to spread them wide apart to take a drink of water.

Wild World Fact…A walking giraffe moves both right legs forward, then both the left

Giraffe Food

The giraffe is a herbivore, which means they eat different types of leaves and grass. Their favorite food is the leaves from the Acacia tree. They can pack away up to 75 pounds (34 kilos) of this food everyday, but they don’t drink as much water; only about 10 gallons (37.8 litres). Most of the moisture the giraffe needs is found in the thorny Acacia leaves.

Since these leaves are so spiky the giraffe’s tongue and lips are very tough to protect it. They also have an antiseptic (cleanser) in their saliva in case they do get poked.

Like a cow, the giraffe will chew its cud. This is done by the animal eating a large amount of food, then bringing it back up into its mouth to eat all over again. Talk about recycling!

Wild World Fact…the extra long neck and tongue of the giraffe helps it reach leaves on the top of the trees.

More Fun Giraffe Facts

~ Giraffe infants are almost 6 feet tall when they’re born and begin to walk in 10 hours
~ Giraffe’s are social and a herding animal
~ Even though the giraffe is silent most of the time, it is able to make sounds similar to a cow and goat.
~ Neck wrestling is a form of dominance displayed by the males in a herd.
~ The giraffe has a lot of heart – it weighs 24 pounds (10.9 kilos) and is 2 feet (60.9 cm) in length!
~ The spots on a giraffe are all unique, like our fingerprints, and as it ages they turn darker.

For more information on the giraffe, visit your local library, a nature preserve or the Internet.

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Totally True Teeny Tiny Tuesday

Some of the smallest things on earth are surrounding us all the time, and we don’t even know it. Check out the following totally true teeny tiny things.

~ the smallest nest is built by the vervain hummingbird. It’s the size of half a walnut shell!
~ you have 6 million tiny cones in each eye. These cells make you see colour.
~ a person with a cold sneezes 40,000 germ droplets into the air.
~ the teeny thread of a silk worm’s cacoon, when unraveld, can be over half a mile (1 km) in length.
~ a trillion metric tons of the world’s water evaporates each day in the sun. Luckily, it all returns again in rain.
~ light is the fastest thing in the universe. It travels at more than 180,000 miles (300,000 km) per hour.
~ a glittering polar fog called, Diamond Dust, is made up of tiny ice crystals.
~ lightweight atoms called, Helium, escape easily – that’s why your balloons go down so quickly.

Can you think of anything else that is teeny tiny, perhaps, a flea? Let me know what you come up with by leaving a comment.

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Fun Facts Friday ~ Don't Be Bugged By Bugs

There is over 1 million known bug species in the world and more are being discovered all the time. However, you don’t need to be bugged by bugs. In fact, you may even find them fascinating.

The Angular-Winged Katydid

This guy looks creepy, but it’s actually quite harmless. This grasshopper-like insect is found all over the world and has eardrums that are located in its front legs. Plus, this creaky-critter likes to serenade at night. The male Katydid has a file-like patch on one fore-wing and a scraper-like area on the other. When he rubs these together a song is created. He can even control the volume by raising his wings to make a small cavity to tune it up or tune it down.

European Mantid

No need to get bugged by the European Mantid…unless, of course, you’re a male Mantid. Females of this species are well known for eating the male after she has mated with him. And once her babies hatch, the bigger ‘nymphs’ will often eat their smaller siblings. That must be why these insects prefer to live alone.

Luna Moth

The brilliant glow of the Luna moth is no reason to be bugged; this insect doesn’t even have a mouth. However, they can still grow anywhere from 3-4 inches wide and 5-6 inches long. And unlike other moths, they come in shades of lime green to yellow-green. I suppose that’s why they’re also called the ‘Moon Moth.’

 Yellow Garden Spider

Out of all the bugs, spiders tend to be the ones that “bug” people the most. But did you know Yellow Garden Spiders are a very common ‘orb’ web spider? They always build round webs, which can reach up to 2 feet across. Strangely enough though, each night it eats the old web. Talk about renovations!

To learn more about these and other fascinating bugs, check out your local library, a bug museum or, perhaps, your own backyard.

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Wild World Wednesday ~ the Chipmunk

We live in a wild world. Today we’re visiting the United States and Canada to take a look at the chipmunk. Be prepared, this is one cheeky little fellow.

They’re Not Chips or Monks!
There is about twenty-one different species of chipmunks living all over the United States and Canada. These rodents are closely related to the squirrel; however, chipmunks are smaller (8-10 inches long) and have black and white ‘racing’ stripes down their grey and reddish colored backs.

Wild World Fact…chipmunks make a range of noises from a chuck chuck to a higher pitched chip chip sound.

Chipmunk Chambers

These hard-working rodents prefer to make their homes under the ground. They dig out long tunnels that lead to a sleeping chamber. Here there’s a soft bed made from leaves, grasses or the fluff from seed heads. They also dig out another area to keep food in. Since chipmunks stay under the ground all winter long they need to collect lots of food when the weather is warm.

CheekyChipmunk

Have you ever stuffed so much food into your mouth at once that your cheeks puffed out? Chipmunk cheeks are extra stretchy so they can do just that.

The chipmunk is constantly searching for his favorite foods of nuts, berries, acorns and seeds, so when he finds it he loads up. Once his cheeks are full, he quickly bounds back to his den to empty his haul. The chipmunk may have to travel a ways from his den to find food, so these built in ‘storage compartments’ come in handy.

Wild World Fact…chipmunks have also been known to eat strawberries, grapes, apples and bugs.

So the next time you’re at a park, in the woods or even in someone’s backyard, keep your eyes peeled and your ears perked. You never know one of these cute little rascals might just pay you a visit.

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Totally True Tuesday ~ Ice Cream

Whether you lick it on a crunchy cone or spoon it from a dish, ice cream remains a favorite of kids and adults alike.
Let’s have a look at some fun facts about an even more fun food.

~ Ice cream goes way back to the Roman Emperor, Nero, who ordered ice to be brought back from the mountains. They would then add fruit toppings to it and serve it – something like a slushy.

~ the first hand-crank ice cream machine was invented in 1847.
~ it takes 12 pounds of milk to make 1 gallon of ice cream.

Where did the ice cream cone originate?

In 1904 at the World’s Fair in St Louis, an ice cream vendor ran out of dishes to serve it in, so he teamed up with the waffle maker. TahDah! The waffle cone was invented!
The most popular ice cream flavours are;

• Vanilla (most popular)
• Chocolate
• Cookies & Cream
• Strawberry
• Chocolate Chip Mint

What’s you ultimate favourite flavour?
The most unusual flavours are;

• Pumpkin
• Avocado
• Garlic
• Azuki Bean
• Jalapeno
• Hot dog

Would you try any of these? What weird flavour would you like see made into ice cream?

Here’s a fun thing to try. Create your own Lick-a-Thon. 

It takes about 50 licks to finish one scoop of ice cream. Challenge you friends and family to see who finishes first. But watch out for the “brain freeze.”

For more fun facts on ice cream, check out the Internet or grab yourself a spoon and do your own research.

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Fun Facts Friday ~ Sticky Toes

Wouldn’t it be fun to have the ability to crawl up the side of a building like Spider Man? Some animals and reptiles actually do have suction-powered feet that help them hunt, sleep and stay safe. Let’s explore the world of sticky toes.

Red-Eyed Tree Frog

This unique fellow may be one of the coolest frogs on the planet. It has a neon-green body with bright blue and yellow markings, bright orange toes and bulging red eyes. It hunts at night and sleeps all day clinging to the bottom of a leaf using it’s suction feet to keep it in place. This frog lives in the tropical lowlands from southern Mexico, throughout Central America, and in northern South America. Besides their sticky toes, they also have a long sticky tongue that zaps up crickets, flies and moths.

Hairy Gecko Toes?

Did you know there is 1,450 species of gecko and 60 percent of them have sticky feet?
The gecko has evolved over the years to become one of the most powerful wall climbers around; however their feet aren’t sticky like tape. The bottom of a gecko’s foot has millions of teeny hairs. Each of these hairs, known as setae, has hundreds of even finer spatula-shaped split-ends. When the gecko presses his foot against a rough or smooth surface all these little hairs go to work and allow him to scurry, climb and stick. What a feat!

Sucker-Footed

The sucker-footed bat of Madagasgar has small suction cups on its wrist and ankles. A special gland on the bat dribbles a sticky goo onto their suction-cups, allowing them to climb and balance. They use these sticky adhesions to sleep inside of rolled palm leaves – where they are safe from predators – and hunt for food. Along with sticky feet, these bats are black or brown in colour, have large ears and weigh about .3 ounces.

For more information on these sticky-toed creatures visit your local library or the Internet.

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Wild World Wednesday ~ the Beaver

We live in a wild world. Today we are visiting Canada to take a look at the busy beaver. This furry rodent isn’t only fascinating, it has been used as Canada’s national symbol for over 300 years.

The Beaver Body

Beavers can range in size, but usually grow up to 3 feet (.9 m) in body length with another foot (30 cm) for its tail. It weighs in at a whooping 35-66 pounds (16-30kg) and is covered in a thick brown fur with a soft grey undercoat.

The flat, black scaly tail of the beaver serves two purposes; it acts like a boat rudder, steering the beaver through the water and gives the animal balance on land while it moves tree branches. The beaver also has two large front buck teeth that stick so it can cut and chew wood underwater. The back feet of this animal also have webbed toes which help make it a powerful swimmer.

Wild World Fact…the front teeth of the beaver never stop growing. Chewing on branches keeps the teeth trim.

Built Beaver Tough!

Beavers are nature’s builders. They spend most of their time “cutting” down small trees and forming them into a dome-shaped lodge or dam. The beaver also uses mud to help insulate his home and the only entrance way is through an underwater passage. The location of the beaver’s lodge can usually be found in the middle of a pond where it’s safe from predators. No pond available? The beaver will create his own by building a dam in a narrow stream. Once his structure is big enough the water is blocked and will build up creating a pond where a forest or field use to be.

Wild World Fact…the world’s biggest beaver dame is in Alberta, Canada, is 850 meters (2788 feet) long and can be seen from space!

I’m Hungry

Even though beavers are one of the largest rodents they are strictly herbivores. They eat leaves, bark, twigs, aquatic plants and roots. The beavers teeth and jaws are extremely powerful, so eating these tough entrees are no problem for him.

Wild World Fact…beavers will move on once food becomes scarce

For more information on the clever beaver, check out your local library, the Internet, a wildlife preserve or a national park.

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Totally True Tuesday ~ Wild Whirling Water

You’ve probably heard about tornadoes – a furious, funnel of wind that tears a path of destruction wherever it goes. But did you know tornadoes can also occur over water? These are called waterspouts.

Ingredients for a Waterspout

~ Take 1 part humid air and 1 part high temperatures (80 to 90 degrees). Mix together.

As the humid air rises it will condense into tiny water droplets making a cloud. The more the water condenses the more heat is produced and the faster it will rise. Once this happens a funnel-shaped cloud can quickly form. If it extends towards a body of water the end result is a waterspout.

What to Look For

Like any kind of weird weather the conditions have to be just right to make a waterspout. Here are some things to look out for:

~ Dark, swirling spots on a body of water
~ Spiral pattern changes from lighter to darker
~ Winds pick up to 40 mph, kicking up spray in a circular pattern called the “Spray Vortex”
~ Clouds point downward to center of swirling water
~ Funnel cloud is formed and creates small waves called the “Bubble Wake” as it moves along the surface
~ After the vortex weakens and the funnel turns more rope-like, the waterspout will finally die out

Flying Frogs…

Even though waterspouts aren’t usually as powerful as a land-based tornado, they can still do some damage. Frogs, tadpoles, fish and lizards that have been sucked up into the wild, whirling water have been known to later rain down on the land.

More Waterspout Facts

~ Waterspouts are very common in the Florida Keys, in fact they see between 400 and 500 per year. These usually occur between 11 am and 1 pm or 4 pm to 7 pm.
~ Waterspouts can also occur on the colder waters of the Great Lakes – ships have reported seeing 30 in one day.

To learn more about waterspouts, check out the Internet or your local library.

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Fun Facts Friday ~ What Am I?

I live in the waters of South and East Australia. I'm closely related to the seahorse. I stay safe from predators using a neat form of camouflage. What am I?

The Leafy Sea Dragon, of course!

I'm Not Seaweed!

The leafy sea dragon is a wonderfully weird creature - it looks like floating seaweed - which is how it keeps from being somone's lunch. It grows to 45 cm in length, is green to yellow-brown in colour and has thin bands or stripes around its body. However, the most amazing and beautiful part of the sea dragon is its leaf-like appendages - they really do look like floating seaweed!

Suck it Up

Just like a seahorse, the leafy sea dragon uses its tube-like nose and tiny mouth to suck up food. Its favorite meal are the teeny shrimp called mysid, sea lice and plankton. Since the leafy sea dragon doesn't have any teeth, all the food it consumes must be small enough to fit through its long snout.

Daddy/Mommy

Along with the seahorse, the leafy sea dragon is the only species on earth where the males carry and raise the young.
A female will lay up to 250 pink eggs which are deposited on the males tail called a "brood patch." This special area is where the tiny eggs are fertilized and given oxygen. The eggs will remain here for nine weeks until they turn color (purple or orange). Once the eggs are ready to hatch, Dad sea dragon will pump his tail up and down, helping his young to emerge from their eggs.

For more information on the leafy sea dragon or other marine fish and animals, check out the Internet, your local library or an aquarium.

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Wild World Wednesday ~ the Red Panda

We live in a wild world. Today we are visiting the high mountains of the Himalayas’ in Napal to take a look at the red panda. This little guy may share the same name as the giant panda bear, but he’s very different. Let’s see why…

I’m Not Black and White!

What’s black and white and read all over? A newspaper…or in this case, a red panda!

As the name implies, red panda’s are red in color with white and black markings on their face and body. They are a lot smaller than a “normal” panda bear, weighing in at only 7-14 pounds (3-6 kilos), about the size of a house cat. They have small pointy ears and a long bushy tail that measures about 18 inches long (46 cm). The red panda uses its ringed tail as a cozy wrap-around to help keep it warm from the chill of the night air. The red panda’s feet are also covered in fur (top and bottom) and they have semi-retractable claws and an “extra” thumb on each paw to help them grip.

Wild World Fact…
…the “thumb” on the red panda is actually an extended bone from it’s wrist area.

It’s Time to Eat

The red panda is most active from dusk to dawn and lives mostly in the trees. When it’s not sleeping it spends most of its time looking for and eating bamboo – about 13 hours a day! Even though the red panda prefers the young tender shoots of the bamboo plant, it will also eat fruit, berries, insects, bird eggs and blossoms.
Occasionally, it has even been known to indulge in acorns, certain fungi, seeds and small rodents.

Wild World Fact…
…over winter the red panda can lose up to 15 percent of its body weight

Panda Babies

Mom red panda will give birth to 1-4 babies in the spring. The cubs are covered in thick grey fur and their eyes and ears are closed. Mom will tend to her young in the nest for 90 days. Though the red panda babies are full grown at 12 months, they still hang around their mother until the next mating season.

Wild World Fact…
…young red panda’s start their own families at about 2 years of age.

For more information on the red panda, check out your local library, the Internet, a wildlife sanctuary or zoo.

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Totally True Tuesday ~ Independence Day

It's a day of parades, fireworks, great food, carnivals, music and good company. It's Independence Day, better known as the fourth of July, in the United States. Let's take a closer look at this national holiday.

It All Started...

Way back in 1776 during the American Revolution, Richard Henry Lee proposed a legal separation from the Thirteen Colonies of England. This was done with a document called the Declaration of Independence. The Committee of Five, including Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin and John Adams all signed this document giving America it's freedom.

The Celebrations

Whether you live in a small city or a big one, Fourth of July celebrations are something to look forward to. Check out these popular places to party on the 4th.

~ If you live in Washington DC you will be in for a day packed full of activities. The nation's capitol does it right with a parade down Constitution Avenue, food vendors, music and a fun celebration all day long. The fireworks are set to fly from the Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool and are sure to be spectacular.

~ Many people plan their Independence Day in New York. The Macy's Fourth of July celebration is one of the biggest in the world. It's so big, in fact, it takes 6 barges along the Hudson River to accommodate the 40,000 plus shells of fireworks!

~ If New York's festivities is considered big, Boston's is HUGE! This world-renowned celebration lasts for six days and is known as HarborFest. It includes live concerts, food, games and TV coverage leading up to the big fireworks display.

In Boston's 37th year, grandiose church bells, canons and more fireworks then ever before were used and it just keeps getting bigger! If you're close to Boston, check out this spectacular show.

No matter where you live or how your area celebrates, Independence Day is a reason to rejoice. It can be exciting, but let's not forget the real reason behind all the fun - America's freedom. This is a privilege that should always be remembered.

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